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【国际锐评】这场新年首访是“怀旧之旅”,更是“开创之旅”******

  从“一带一路”、农渔业,到基础设施、金融、旅游等,一系列合作文件在中菲两国元首共同见证下签署。这一连串丰硕成果,见证了北京新年首场外事活动的不同寻常。

  4日,中国国家主席习近平在北京同来华进行国事访问的菲律宾总统马科斯举行会谈。两国元首都强调了中菲关系对彼此的重要性,同意保持经常性战略沟通,并就深化务实合作、妥善处理海上问题等达成了重要共识。

  这是马科斯去年6月就任总统后,首次正式访问东盟以外国家,也是中方今年接待的首位外国领导人。中菲关系的密切程度可见一斑。去年11月,习近平主席与马科斯总统在泰国曼谷首次举行面对面会晤,为双边关系发展指明方向。时隔1个多月,两国元首在北京再次相聚,为双边关系未来发展擘画出更清晰、更细致的蓝图。总的来看,既涉及深化中菲政治互信,也涵盖拓展多领域的务实合作。

  作为近邻,中菲有着上千年的友好交往史。过去一段时间,中菲关系曾经历一些困难,但在双方共同努力下,中菲关系近年来重返健康发展轨道,不断结出合作硕果。这样的势头来之不易,值得双方共同珍惜。

  在会谈中,习近平主席指出,中方始终把菲律宾放在周边外交优先方向,坚持从战略和全局高度看待中菲关系,愿同菲方“做互帮互助的好邻居、相知相近的好亲戚、合作共赢的好伙伴”,并从共同维护亚洲地区和平繁荣的高度出发,提出愿与菲律宾及其他东盟国家聚焦合作与发展。这展现出中国与邻为伴、与邻为善的真诚意愿。作为一位与中国缘分很深的政治家,马科斯总统强调,中国是菲律宾最强劲的合作伙伴,没有什么能够阻挡菲中友谊的延续和发展。这向外界传递出中菲双方排除外界干扰、致力于深化两国传统友好的积极意愿。

  近年来,中菲经贸合作展现出蓬勃生机。中国是菲第一大贸易伙伴、第一大进口来源地和第二大出口目的地。双方已确立农业、基建、能源、人文四大重点合作领域。中方“一带一路”倡议同菲律宾“多建好建”有效对接,开展了近40个政府间合作项目。此次,马科斯总统携规模庞大的商业代表团访华,足以说明菲方对拓展对华合作的高度重视。

  在会谈中,习近平主席为深化中菲务实合作规划了清晰蓝图。中方提出,愿助力菲方农业农村发展,打造农技中心品牌项目;扎实推进基础设施和互联互通领域合作;并愿持续扩大进口菲律宾优质农渔产品,支持中国企业赴菲律宾投资兴业。这些举措将有力支持菲律宾国家经济发展,密切两国合作纽带。

  南海问题是中菲关系绕不开的一个问题。近年来,某些西方国家将战略重心转向亚太,试图借南海问题兴风作浪,挑动中国与有关国家的矛盾分歧。但总体而言,中菲两国有效管控了相关分歧,没有让它伤害中菲关系大局。马科斯总统上任后曾明确表示,“不能让海上问题定义整个菲中关系”。

  中方在这次会谈中提出,愿同菲方继续以友好协商方式妥善处理海上问题,重启油气开发谈判,推动非争议区油气开发合作。菲方积极回应称,愿同中方重启油气开发磋商。这表明,中菲有信心、有能力、有智慧维护南海和平稳定,通过友好磋商和谈判解决争议,将南海建设成为和平、友谊、合作之海。这是对外部势力借南海议题在亚太制造分裂对抗的有力回应。一些分析指出,对于海上问题分歧,只要中菲双方坚持既有共识,做大合作蛋糕,前行之路就会越走越宽。

  1974年,时年17岁的马科斯陪同母亲首次访华,受到中国老一辈领导人的亲切接见。如今,担任总统的他,实现了对中国“期盼已久的访问”,这让外界对中菲关系的未来发展充满期待。有理由相信,在两国元首战略引领下,中菲将聚焦友好合作主流,妥善处理分歧,让更多的务实合作成果造福两国人民,为地区和平稳定贡献更多积极力量。(国际锐评评论员)

中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

  中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄

  由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

  麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

  一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

  此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

  作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。

  美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

  这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。

  从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

  两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

  House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

  (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

  The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

  Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

  On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

  On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

  Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

  As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

  But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

  CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

  This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

  Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

  From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

  Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

  The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

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