中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
探访江苏滨海海洋牧场：海上“荷花”开 搭台新牧渔******
(新春走基层)探访江苏滨海海洋牧场：海上“荷花”开 搭台新牧渔
中新网盐城1月12日电(于从文 顾名筛)在离岸几十公里的黄海上围网6万立方米水体进行海洋养殖，网箱上方建设的平台不仅有智能化养殖控制系统，还有海洋科普基地、多功能观光休闲设施……江苏滨海“陶湾一号”海洋牧场甫一问世即受关注。兔年新春前夕，中新网记者登上海洋牧场平台，感受深海智能化养殖的新奇。
海洋牧场平台与海上风电场的大风车“同框”，组成了一幅别样的风景。 谷华 摄11日上午，江苏滨海海域阳光正好，海风柔和，海鸟盘旋。记者搭乘补给船出海，穿行在海上风力发电大风车“丛林”之中，向着汪洋中的海洋牧场驶去。经过近3个小时的航行，海天之间一座白色的四方形“海上城堡”映入眼帘。陪同采访的陶湾海洋牧场负责人李益说，这就是“陶湾一号”海洋牧场智能网箱平台。
李益继续介绍，陶湾海洋牧场是由滨海县农旅集团投资建设的集海洋养殖、海洋科研、海洋观光休闲于一体的现代渔业综合体，项目分三期建设，目前已完成一期建设，投资4.2亿元建成多功能综合平台、人工鱼礁及其附属配套设施，2023年底完成二期建设，2025年底完成三期建设，届时将成为盐城市首个国家级海洋牧场示范区、东部地区全品类优质水产品供应基地、全国首个县域海洋牧场产业化示范区。
海洋牧场平台的四根圆柱间内侧围着巨型网箱。 谷华 摄登上“陶湾一号”智能网箱平台，同行人员纷纷惊叹这座“海上城堡”的宏大壮观。四根巨型圆柱和若干根斜插柱稳稳地支撑起整个平台，四根圆柱间内侧围着巨型网箱。离水面十五六米高的平台有三层，一层是养殖观察环道和投饵管道，二层是智能集控室、污水处理室、电气设备间、应急发电机室等功能室，还有科普馆、会议室、客房、餐厅等配套区，顶层是观光平台和一个直升机停机坪。借助无人机从空中俯瞰，整个平台犹如一朵荷花盛开在大海中。
“养殖网箱水体有6万立方米，最多可养殖50万尾到60万尾深海鱼，日前刚试投放5万尾黑鲪鱼苗，养殖8个月左右即可上市。”带领记者参观的平台工作人员姜亚雷是名退役军人，他对这个海洋智能养殖平台充满自豪感。他说，更重要的是，在平台四周约9700亩的水域投放了34000空方的人工鱼礁，这些人工鱼礁上面有各式各样的孔洞，有利于海藻等海洋微生物附着，为鱼类提供繁殖、避敌、索饵、嬉戏的场所，这对改善海洋生态环境将起到重要作用。
工作人员操控智能设备，对海洋牧场进行全方位日常监测。 谷华 摄在海洋智能养殖平台的智能集控室里，摆放着各式智能设备，十几台电脑屏幕上，有的显示各种数据，有的显示监控画面。负责这里工作的是24岁小伙子顾硕，大学毕业后在中交一航局工作，得知家乡建起海洋牧场后，回来参与这项事业。他告诉记者，智能集控室是海洋牧场的“大脑中枢”，从海洋环境监测、安全控制、内外联络到灯光控制、鱼料投放，都能在集控中实现。他指着面前的一块屏幕说，当前海水温度、盐度、PH值、叶绿素、溶解氧浓度等数据一目了然，点击查看历史数据，可见这些数据在日、周、月之间的数据变化曲线。
“由于是智能操控，海洋牧场日常运行只需要4人，15天到20天轮换一次。”李益说，他们每个人都是业务的多面手，发电、放养、数据分析等各种业务都能熟练操作。
工作人员乘小艇下水检查网箱。 谷华 摄值得一提的是，“陶湾一号”海洋牧场平台日常运行和生活用电都来自平台上安装的风能和太阳能发电设备，同时建有海水净化和污水处理系统，生产生活垃圾定期运回陆地处理，运行真正实现绿色生态无污染。
“将来，‘陶湾一号’海洋牧场除了正常的网箱养殖功能外，还将提供科普培训、垂钓潜水、商务会议、休闲观光、婚庆典礼及特色餐饮等服务项目，成为真正的现代海洋产业基地。”李益说。
海洋牧场平台建有海水净化和污水处理系统。 谷华 摄“建设海洋牧场既是科学的生态修复手段，也是现代的渔业生产方式，更是创新的渔业产业形态。”滨海县农旅集团董事长吕海军表示，今后，将全力抢占生态渔业示范发展的制高点，实施“海洋牧场+”融合发展战略，拓展更多的海洋牧场，打造“蓝色粮仓”。
下午4点40分，记者告别“陶湾一号”海洋牧场的值守人员，他们将在这里度过兔年春节。乘船离开的那一刻，回首望去，这座荷花型的“海中城堡”与周边海上风电场林立的大风车“同框”，组成了这片广袤海域上的别样风景。(完)
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